Cuba Faces Multiple Disease Challenges: Respiratory Viruses & Ongoing Arbovirus Crisis
Cuban authorities are monitoring the circulation of several viruses, including respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), H1N1 influenza, and COVID-19, alongside a severe outbreak of dengue and chikungunya. This information was discussed during a recent weekly meeting between President Miguel Díaz-Canel and health sector scientists. While official data indicates low positivity rates for COVID-19, experts cautioned about a potential increase in cases in the coming weeks, particularly in eastern Cuba and on the Isle of Youth.
The epidemiological update arrives during a critical period for Cuba, which is currently grappling with a significant arbovirus outbreak. The ministry of Public Health (Minsap) recently confirmed 33 deaths from dengue and chikungunya,tragically including 21 minors. This revelation has sparked concern both domestically and internationally, with some foreign press, like the Canadian media, characterizing the situation as an epidemic outbreak.
Between July and November, Minsap specialists analyzed 1,423 samples from patients with Acute Respiratory Infections, identifying RSV and H1N1 as the most prevalent pathogens. Experts noted the continued, albeit low, presence of COVID-19 and are monitoring internationally tracked variants, including XFG. Despite acknowledging the virus’s circulation,officials maintained there is no current alarm scenario.
Notably, the official report lacked data regarding hospitalizations, medication availability, and the overall capacity of the healthcare system to manage a potential surge in cases – information considered particularly sensitive given the current challenges.
President Díaz-Canel urged health authorities to provide “permanent and timely” reporting, addressing past criticisms regarding transparency in epidemiological data released by Minsap.
Alongside efforts to combat the existing outbreaks, scientists presented novel technologies aimed at vector control, including sterile insect techniques, transgenic mosquitoes, and bacteria targeting Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. However, these solutions are still in advancement or scaling phases, offering limited immediate relief to a population facing saturated hospitals and shortages of essential resources like insecticides and medicines, compounded by ongoing power outages.Current infestation rates stand at 0.89%, with provinces like Camagüey, Santiago de Cuba, and Havana being particularly affected.