The extension of the Emissions Trading System (ETS), known as ETS2, to include the transport sector and buildings has sparked significant political debate across many european Union countries. The system,slated to take effect in 2027,will impose additional fees on households for fuel and heating.

Experts at ING bank have calculated that the cost of purchasing the right to emit one ton of CO2, currently around 45 euros, could translate to a 46-cent increase per liter of gasoline and a 54-cent increase per liter of diesel