New research highlights the protective effects of omega-3 fatty acids, specifically EPA and DHA, against inflammation linked to diabetes risk factors.
Omega-3s: A Cornerstone of Heart Health
Leading health authorities consistently endorse the inclusion of fatty fish, such as trout, herring, salmon, and mackerel, in a balanced diet. The Quebec government, for instance, recommends consuming two servings of fatty fish weekly to achieve a daily intake of 300 to 500 mg of omega-3 fatty acids. This aligns with the American Heart Association’s (AHA) guidance, wich also advises at least two fish servings per week. For individuals with a history of cardiovascular disease,the AHA specifically recommends daily supplements containing 1 gram of combined eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA),the primary omega-3s found in fatty fish.
In Canada, Health Canada has approved Vascepa, a prescription medication consisting of 4 grams of EPA. This treatment is available for patients managing high triglyceride levels and taking cholesterol medication,aiming to reduce the risk of recurrent cardiovascular events. Furthermore, health Canada’s monograph for omega-3 supplements permits daily dosages of up to 5 grams and recognizes their benefits for cardiovascular health, cognitive function, rheumatoid arthritis, blood lipid management, and mood regulation.
Recent scientific findings published in 2024 reinforce these recommendations, demonstrating that EPA and DHA can inhibit the upregulation of the NLRP3 inflammasome/IL-1β pathway in human adipose tissue, a process associated with increased diabetes risk factors.Another study from 2019 explored the combined impact of dietary and supplemental EPA and DHA on the Omega-3 Index, a measure of omega-3 levels in the body.
