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okay, here’s a list of the citations, formatted for easier use (like for a bibliography or reference list). I’ve tried to maintain the original formatting as much as possible.
References
- Budnitz DS, Lovegrove MC, Shehab N, et al. Emergency department visits for adverse drug events in older adults.J am Geriatr Soc. 2006;54(11):1682-1688. doi:10.1111/j.1532-5248.2006.00626.x
- American Geriatrics Society 2019 Updated Beers criteria for Possibly Appropriately Medication in Older Adults.J Am Geriatr Soc. 2019;67(11):2276-2283. doi:10.1111/jgs.16100
- Spinewine A, Schmiedl S, Castelli G, et al.polypharmacy in older adults: a position paper from the European Geriatric Medicine Society. Age ageing. 2020;49(6):855-864. doi:10.1093/ageing/afaa132
- Collins MA,Barton SL,Armstrong EP,et al. Polypharmacy and potentially inappropriate medication use in older adults with chronic kidney disease. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2011;59(11):2034-2041. doi:10.1111/j.1532-5248.2011.01038.x
- Tjia E, Field TS, Stocks EL, et al. Association of polypharmacy with adverse health outcomes in older adults. JAMA Intern Med. 2019;179(1):82-89. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2018.6333
- Today’s Geriat Med.2016;9(3):24.Accessed December 12, 2025. https://www.todaysgeriatricmedicine.com/archive/MJ16p24.shtml
- Maher RL, Hanlon J, Hajjar ER. Clinical consequences of polypharmacy in elderly. Expert Opin Drug Saf. 2014;13(1):57-65. doi:10.1517/14740338.2013.827660
- Chapter 2: complete medication management versus comprehensive medication review. In: Thomas DJ, Tran J, eds.The Medication Therapy Management Pharmacist Reference Book. National Board of Medication Therapy Management; 2020. Accessed December 10, 2025. https://www.nbmtm.org/mtm-reference/comprehensive-medication-management-versus-comprehensive-medication-review/
- Grotta LD, Panjwani S, Castelli G. Adding a sixth step: emphasizing pharmacists’ roles in managing polypharmacy. Fam Med. 2021;53(3):235-236. doi:10.22454/FamMed.2021.700569
- your guide to managing multiple medications with pharmacist Mandy Leonard. Cleveland Clinic.July 29, 2020. Accessed December 10, 2025. https://my.clevelandclinic.org/podcasts/health-essentials/your-guide-to-managing-multiple-medications-with-pharmacist-mandy-leonard
- Neuvonen PJ. Interactions with the absorption of tetracyclines. Drugs. 1976;11(1):45-54. doi:10.2165/00003495-197611010-00004
- Havelikar U, Sonawane HK, Khandare RS, et al. Optimizing patient care: an inclusive review of polypharmacy and the vital role of pharmacists in mitigation. Intell Hosp. 2025;1(1):100006.doi:10.1016/j.inhs.2025.100006
- Piggott KL.Deprescribing from the patient perspective–an international lens. JAMA Netw open. 2025;8(2):e2457425. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.57425
- Jin R, Liu C, Chen J, et al. Exploring medication self-management in polypharmacy: a qualitative systematic review of patients and healthcare providers perspectives. Front Pharmacol. 2024;15:1426777. doi:10.3389/fphar.2024.1426777
- halli-Tierney AD, Scarbrough C, Carroll D. Polypharmacy: evaluating risks and deprescribing. Am Fam Physician. 2019;100(1):32-38.