Tokyo’s subway system, already one of the world’s busiest, continues to evolve as preparations advance for increased tourism and a projected rise in commuter traffic. The two primary operators, Tokyo Metro and Toei Subway, carried a combined total of approximately 7.95 million passengers daily in 2022, according to recent data.
Tokyo Metro, the larger of the two networks, operates nine lines spanning 195 kilometers of track and 180 stations. In fiscal year 2023, the company reported an average daily ridership of nearly 6.52 million passengers. The network connects the northwestern suburbs to eastern neighborhoods across the Sumida River, and offers direct connections to other train lines, facilitating seamless transfers for commuters.
Toei Subway operates four lines – the Asakusa Line, Mita Line, Shinjuku Line, and Oedo Line – serving 106 stations. Daily ridership on Toei lines averaged approximately 2.48 million passengers in 2023. The Oedo Line is notable for its loop configuration around the city center, while the Asakusa Line provides direct access to both Narita and Haneda Airports.
Beyond Tokyo Metro and Toei Subway, a range of other network operators run train lines throughout the city, each utilizing distinct ticketing systems. Navigating this complex network is streamlined through the use of rechargeable IC cards, such as Suica and Pasmo, which allow passengers to tap in and out of stations and transfer between lines with ease. These cards are also accepted on JR lines and most private railways throughout the metropolitan area, and can even be used for purchases at convenience stores and vending machines.
Tourists have several options for IC card purchase, including Welcome Suica and Pasmo Passport, available at Narita and Haneda Airports. These options offer pre-loaded value and are valid for 28 days, though balances are non-refundable. Mobile IC card options, utilizing Apple Pay or Google Pay on compatible smartphones, are also available, offering a convenient alternative to physical cards.
The combined subway network comprises 286 stations and 13 lines, covering a total system length of 304.0 kilometers. The system’s efficiency and punctuality are well-recognized globally, and it remains a critical component of Tokyo’s overall public transportation infrastructure. Tokyo Metro, formerly the Teito Rapid Transit Authority, transitioned to a joint-stock company in 2004.
As of March 2, 2026, neither Tokyo Metro nor the Tokyo Metropolitan Bureau of Transportation, which operates Toei Subway, have announced any major service disruptions or fare changes. Further expansion plans and infrastructure upgrades are under review by the Tokyo Metropolitan Government.
