Hidden Heart Risk: Lp(a) Blood Test Could Save Your Life
A blood marker often overlooked in routine cardiovascular screenings may significantly impact heart disease risk, particularly for women, according to a new study published this week. Although cholesterol levels remain a primary focus, researchers are increasingly emphasizing the importance of Lipoprotein(a), or Lp(a).
The study, conducted by researchers at Harvard University and Brigham and Women’s Hospital, followed women over approximately 30 years, beginning when participants were, on average, 53 years traditional and in good health. Researchers measured Lp(a) levels once at the start of the study and then tracked the incidence of heart attacks, strokes, and other serious cardiovascular events.
The findings revealed a clear correlation: the risk of cardiovascular disease began to increase when Lp(a) levels exceeded 30 milligrams per deciliter of blood. For those with very high levels – over 120 milligrams per deciliter – the risk of stroke and sudden cardiac death was also elevated. The risk of severe cardiovascular events was 54 to 80 percent higher for women with Lp(a) levels below 11 milligrams per deciliter, according to the study.
The research also indicated that women with specific genetic variations were particularly vulnerable, experiencing a further increase in their risk of heart and vascular diseases. Because Lp(a) levels are largely genetically determined, they remain relatively stable throughout life, suggesting a single measurement may be sufficient for long-term risk assessment.
Researchers are advocating for the inclusion of Lp(a) testing in routine preventative care. Knowing one’s Lp(a) level allows for targeted intervention, even though directly lowering Lp(a) remains challenging. The European Society of Cardiology already recommends measuring the marker at least once in adulthood.
While Lp(a) itself is difficult to modify, other cardiovascular risk factors – such as high blood pressure, elevated cholesterol, and smoking – can be addressed. Scientists are actively developing new medications specifically designed to lower Lp(a) levels, according to sources familiar with the research.
Cholesterin is a fat-like substance found in all cells of the body, essential for various biological processes, including the production of steroid hormones and vitamin D. However, elevated levels can lead to serious health consequences, including heart disease and stroke. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol is often referred to as “good” cholesterol because it helps remove other forms of cholesterol from the bloodstream.
The study underscores the growing understanding of Lp(a)’s role in heart health, suggesting it may be more significant than previously recognized. Early measurement, particularly for women, could enable timely risk identification and potentially improve outcomes.