New research published Monday in JAMA Neurology suggests that dietary patterns rich in fish and vegetables may be associated with a reduced rate of memory loss as individuals age.
The study builds upon previous investigations into the impact of nutrition on cognitive function. A 2023 study published in JAMA Psychiatry, involving 923 participants followed for an average of 4.5 years, indicated a correlation between higher adherence to the MIND diet and a lower risk of dementia. The MIND diet emphasizes green leafy vegetables, other vegetables, nuts, berries, beans, whole grains, fish, poultry and olive oil.
Researchers have also explored the effects of anti-inflammatory diets on dementia risk. A 2024 study in JAMA Network Open found that over a 15-year follow-up period, participants adhering to both the Cognitive Mediterranean Diet (CMDs) and an anti-inflammatory diet experienced a 31% lower risk of dementia compared to those with pro-inflammatory dietary habits.
Further research, published in JAMA Network Open in August 2025, examined the brains of individuals who had died and found that those with hippocampal sclerosis (HS) – a condition linked to memory impairment – showed cognitive deficits. The study did not directly address dietary interventions, but highlighted the importance of maintaining hippocampal health.
The latest findings add to a growing body of evidence suggesting a link between dietary choices and cognitive health in older adults. However, the precise mechanisms by which these dietary patterns exert their protective effects remain under investigation.
