Childhood Hypertension Rates Surge Globally, driven by Obesity
A recent global meta-analysis reveals a concerning trend: rates of high blood pressure in children and teenagers nearly doubled between 2000 and 2020. The review, published recently, found that prevalence rose from approximately 3.2% in 2000 to over 6.2% in 2020, impacting an estimated 114 million young people worldwide under the age of 19.
The increase is largely attributed to lifestyle factors,including unhealthy diets,reduced physical activity,and the growing prevalence of childhood obesity,according to dr. Peige Song,of Zhejiang University School of Medicine and the study’s author. She emphasized that childhood hypertension is now a “ample public health concern.”
Experts warn that high blood pressure in youth often continues into adulthood, considerably increasing the risk of heart disease and stroke later in life.Children with prehypertension are also more likely to develop full hypertension.
“This sharp rise in high blood pressure among children is deeply concerning and largely driven by increasing childhood obesity – an entirely preventable condition,” stated Prof Steve Turner, President of the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, who was not involved in the review. He noted that paediatricians are increasingly seeing children presenting with hypertension alongside other obesity-related conditions like type 2 diabetes, asthma, and mental health problems.
Prof Bryan Williams, Chief Scientific and Medical Officer of the British Heart Foundation (also not involved in the review), echoed these concerns, stating the rise is “very concerning.” though, he also offered a note of optimism, noting that obesity-related high blood pressure can be reversed.
Both experts stressed the need for preventative measures.Dr. Song highlighted the pivotal role of parents in promoting healthy habits, including diets rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, while limiting salt and sugar intake. Encouraging regular physical activity and reducing sedentary behavior, such as excessive screen time, are also crucial. Regular blood pressure monitoring, especially at home, is recommended for families with a history of hypertension to facilitate early detection and mitigation of potential long-term complications.
Prof Williams called for ”bold action” from governments, including expanding restrictions on the marketing of unhealthy products and pushing the food industry to create healthier everyday foods, to prevent childhood obesity and it’s associated health risks. He warned that without urgent action, the current trends coudl lead to a public health emergency.
