Merdeka.com – Tuberculosis (TB) or often called TB is the largest infectious disease in the world after HIV. TB disease can be caused by the presence of bacilli from the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This disease can affect any part of the body, but TB is the most common in the lungs.
TB disease is spread through coughing or sneezing that spouts saliva. A person who has a weak immune system, if inhaled and contaminated with TB, it can be easily infected. In addition to attacking the lungs, this disease can also have an impact on other bodies, such as the heart, nervous system, and lymph nodes.
The World Health Organization (WHO) reports that Indonesia is in the third position with the highest TB cases in the world. In 2019, the number of TB cases in Indonesia was 845,000 people. If patients do not get treatment and there are no prevention efforts, then more than 50 percent of patients can die.
So, what exactly is meant by TB disease and how to solve it? Check out the review, which is merdeka.com, reports from Medical News Today:
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Know TB Disease
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TB disease can be spread through saliva splashes, such as when talking, coughing, and sneezing. Generally, TB transmission also requires close and quite long contact. However, the longer a person interacts with someone with TB, the higher the risk of contracting this disease.
TB bacteria can develop to be active in someone who has a weak immune system. However, the transmission of TB is not as easy as the flu, so a person will not get TB if they just shake hands with the sufferer.
Symptoms of TB disease to watch out for
A person who has TB disease has some common early symptoms. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in the United States (CDC) says that TB transmission occurs through the air when TB sufferers actively expel the bacteria when sneezing, coughing, or screaming.
In addition, TB disease is also characterized by several other symptoms. Reporting from the Healthline page, here are some of the symptoms of TB that are commonly experienced by sufferers:
1. The first symptom of TB is a cough with phlegm that lasts longer or more than three weeks.
2. Feeling pain in the chest and lungs, this can cause sufferers to experience shortness of breath and dizziness.
3. Loss of appetite.
4. Body feels hot and cold.
5. Urine color changes.
6. Fever and often feel tired.
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Causes of TB Disease
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The following are some groups of people who are susceptible or easily infected with TB disease:
1. Active smokers.
2. A person who frequently or is addicted to alcohol.
3. Medical staff who are in frequent contact with TB patients.
4. Living in a crowded and slum environment.
5. Patients with advanced stage kidney disease.
6. Someone who has a weak immune system, such as people with AIDS, cancer and diabetes.
7. Lack of nutritious food.
8. Children and the Elderly.
9. Someone who uses drugs.
How to prevent TB disease
A person who has symptoms of TB disease, such as shortness of breath and easily tired, should avoid strenuous activities, such as climbing mountains. The reason is the higher the mountain, the oxygen levels are also reduced, this can cause complaints of shortness of breath and will endanger someone who has experienced symptoms of tuberculosis.
A person who has experienced symptoms of TB, should immediately consult a doctor. Because, if this disease is not treated immediately, it can cause death. Several ways can be used to treat tuberculosis, one of which is taking several types of antituberculosis drugs that can be taken for at least 6 months.
There are several ways to prevent TB, such as covering your mouth when you sneeze, not throwing phlegm or spitting carelessly, and making sure your house has good air circulation. In addition, preventing TB can also be done by eating healthy foods, including the following:
Eating Garlic
Garlic has long been believed to be able to relieve chronic coughs and expel phlegm. This is because garlic has anti-bacterial properties which play an important role in thinning phlegm.
In addition, garlic also plays an important role in preventing the growth and spread of leukemia cells. The anti-oxidant content in garlic can also ward off free radicals. So, consuming garlic regularly is able to maintain a healthy body and prevent various other chronic diseases.
Orange
One way to prevent TB disease naturally which is quite effective is consuming citrus fruits. The content of vitamin C and minerals in oranges plays an important role in curing cough symptoms in tuberculosis patients.
These benefits can be obtained by mixing oranges with a little salt and honey, then consume them regularly.
Srikaya
The next natural way to prevent TB disease is to eat srikaya fruit. Some of the content in srikaya works effectively to relieve cough symptoms that are often experienced by TB sufferers. How to get the benefits is quite easy, mix srikaya extract with 25 raisins, then boil for 10 minutes with water.
Yoghurt
The next way to prevent TB disease is to consume yogurt regularly. The content of probiotics in yogurt plays an important role in neutralizing bacteria. Thus, it can help inhibit the growth of M. tuberculosis in the body.
To get the benefits, the method is quite easy, you only need to provide yogurt without sugar, then add some fruits such as avocado, apple, or banana.
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