guiding principles on business and human rights

Here’s a breakdown of the provided text, focusing on the key elements and themes:

The Core Case: Cape Plc and Asbestos Exposure

The Claim: The case involved both occupational (workers) and environmental exposure to asbestos.
The Defendant: Cape Plc, a company involved in asbestos mining.
The Plaintiffs: Workers and communities impacted by asbestos mining, primarily in South Africa.
The Legal Challenge: To prove Cape Plc’s negligence. This requires establishing:
1. Duty of Care: Cape Plc owed a duty of care to the plaintiffs.
2. Breach of Duty: Cape Plc breached that duty.3. Causation/Damage: The plaintiffs suffered damage as a direct result of the breach.
The Key Difficulty: Showing that Cape Plc knew about the health hazards of asbestos mining and failed to protect workers and communities.
Jurisdictional Battle: A meaningful portion of the initial legal proceedings (three years) was spent arguing whether the UK courts were the appropriate venue for a case involving South African workers. Evidence and Concealment: The legal team, through “dogged persistence,” gathered evidence that Cape Plc was aware of the significant health risks of asbestos exposure and had deliberately concealed this knowledge to protect its profits.
South African Government Support: the South African government intervened in support of the plaintiffs.
Outcome: The UK courts ruled in favor of the plaintiffs. This was crucial because the case likely would have failed in South Africa due to a lack of legal aid and limited court capacity.

Landmark Precedent: It was the first time globally that an injured employee of a subsidiary company successfully established that their employer’s parent company owed them a duty of care. This is now a foundational case studied by business and human rights lawyers.
Impetus for Corporate Accountability: The case provided momentum for developing legal mechanisms to hold corporations responsible for human rights abuses, at a time when impunity was more common.
Precursor to UN Guiding Principles: The case settled seven years before the UN adopted its Guiding Principles on Business and human Rights, which now establish expectations for corporations to respect human rights and provide access to effective remedy.
Challenging impunity: While the concept of corporate responsibility for human rights is more mainstream now, the text notes that significant gaps remain between expectations and legal accountability.

Initial Settlement: Cape Plc initially agreed to a £21 million settlement.
Revised Settlement: This was later reduced to £7.5 million due to Cape’s “precarious financial position.”
Additional Trust: A £35 million trust was established by Gencor, a company that took over some of Cape’s asbestos operations.Broader Context and Ongoing Issues

Global Economy and Human Rights: The text connects the Cape Plc case to broader issues in the global economy, where industries like construction, apparel, electronics, and agriculture are often sustained by low wages, lax regulation, and a failure to address human rights abuses.
Interconnectedness: The global economy links workers and companies across national and cultural boundaries.
Persistent Problem: While legal accountability exists in some cases,substandard working conditions remain a global problem.
“Business as Usual” No Longer an Option: The case of asbestos highlights that a “business as usual” approach, regardless of the human cost, is no longer acceptable.

The Role of the Author/Reviewer (Kinley)

Masterful Storytelling: kinley’s telling of the case is praised for making complex legal topics accessible and for bringing the victims’ stories to life.
Exposing Corruption: The narrative sets the stage for understanding how corruption of science and politics, a lack of legal scruples, and an unscrupulous company perpetuated a harmful industry and caused death and suffering.

In essence, the text describes a pivotal legal case that challenged corporate impunity, established new legal precedents for parent company liability, and contributed to the growing global movement for corporate accountability in human rights. It also highlights the ongoing challenges in ensuring that corporations truly uphold human rights in practice.