ESA

According to ESA’s statement, the gamma ray burst called GRB 221009A, which is effective in the ionosphere layer of the Earth’s atmosphere, was detected by ESA’s International Gamma Ray Astrophysics Laboratory (Integral).

It was stated that the explosion, which was recorded by high energy detection satellites in orbits close to the Earth, was extremely bright and long-lasting.

Energy emissions resulting from massive star explosions called “Supernova” or the collision of two super dense neutron stars are called “Gamma ray bursts”.

THE BRIGHTEST AND POWERFUL EXPLOSION

It was emphasized that Integral, launched in 2002, recorded gamma bursts every day, including those originating from the Sun, but GRB 221009A, detected on October 9, 2022 at 15.21 Central European summer time, was different from the others.

“This was probably the brightest gamma-ray burst we have ever detected,” said the study’s lead author, Mirko Piersanti, a research fellow at the University of L’Aquila in Italy. made a statement.

One of the authors of the study, Intergral’s IBIS equipment (gamma-ray imager) lead researcher, and member of the National Institute of Astrophysics in Rome, Prof.Dr. Pietro Ubertini also said: “We have been measuring gamma-ray bursts since the 1960s and this is the strongest value ever measured.” said.

It was noted that GRB 221009A is 10 times more powerful than those measured so far, and gamma bursts of this magnitude only reach Earth once every 10 thousand years.

It was stated that the gamma burst, which lasted 800 seconds, activated lightning detectors in India and was effective in the ionosphere for several hours, as detected by devices in Germany.

The upper layer of the atmosphere between 50 and 950 kilometers above the Earth, containing electrically charged gases called plasma, is called the ionosphere, 350 kilometers and above is called the upper ionosphere, and the lower part is called the lower ionosphere.

IT WAS ALSO DETECTED BY CANG HING SATELLITE

Researchers think that the disruption that GRB 221009A may cause in the ionosphere can be monitored with the “Cang Hıng” Seismic Electromagnetic Satellite (CSES), which is a joint Chinese-Italian project and is responsible for observing the effects of solar flares on the ionosphere and the changes caused by seismic events such as earthquakes in the ionosphere.

While previously recorded gamma bursts only caused electromagnetic changes in the lower ionosphere at night when the Sun was not affected, and in no case did a change occur in the upper ionosphere, scientists detected a strong and intense ionospheric tremor in the upper ionosphere, caused by the effect of GRB 221009A, for the first time with CSES. did.

On the other hand, Laura Hayes, who works as a solar physicist at ESA, stated in her research published in 2020 that GRB 221009A also affects the lower parts of the ionosphere, and that such an effect can only occur with very large solar explosions.

Hayes noted that due to the impact of GRB 221009A, the lower layer of the ionosphere “descended” downwards, and this was detected through the bounce of low-frequency radio waves between the ionosphere and the crust.

THE REASON FOR MASSIVE EVOLUTIONS ON EARTH MAY BE AN IMMANDING STAR EXPLOSION

Researchers emphasized that the fact that an explosion that occurred 2 billion years ago, in a galaxy approximately 2 billion light years away, caused such a great impact on the Earth suggests that a supernova that may occur in the Milky Way Galaxy could have much more serious consequences.

In the worst case, a relatively close explosion would not only affect the ionosphere but also damage the ozone layer, causing dangerous ultraviolet radiation from the Sun to reach the Earth’s surface.

It was emphasized that such an effect could be a possible cause of some mass extinctions known to have occurred on Earth in the past, but much more research is needed to confirm this.

The research was published in Nature Communications. (AA)

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2023-11-15 15:14:30
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