CNN Indonesia
Monday, 05 Jun 2023 08:57 WIB
Illustration. Check out the expert’s explanation of the emergence of human ancestors. (iStockphoto/00Mate00)
Jakarta, CNN Indonesia —
Research reveals human ancestry (A wise man) appeared on the face of the Earth through mixing genetic in the long term, not from one particular population in Africa.
The study examined the genetic material of current populations in Africa and compared it with existing fossil evidence from early populations of Homo sapiens there.
As a result, the researchers discovered a new model of human evolution that overturns the previous belief that one population in Africa became the start of all humans.
Professor of anthropology and the Center for Genomes at UC Davis and co-author of the study Brenna Henn said it was widely understood that Homo sapiens originated in Africa.
However, uncertainty exists about how the branches of human evolution differed and how humans migrated across continents.
“This uncertainty is due to the limited fossil data and ancient genomic data, and the fact that the fossil record does not always conform to expectations from models built using modern DNA,” he said, quoted from ScienceDaily.
“This new research changes the explanation for the origin of species,” he added.
Name Tribe
The study, led by Henn and Simon Gravel of McGill University, tested various models of evolution and migration across Africa proposed in the paleoanthropology and genetics literature, by combining genomic data from populations from southern, eastern, and western Africa.
The authors included the recently sequenced genomes of 44 individuals from the modern Nama tribe from southern Africa, an indigenous population known to have an extraordinary level of genetic diversity compared to other modern groups.
The researchers then generated genetic data by collecting saliva samples from modern individuals who went about their daily activities in their village between 2012 and 2015.
This model shows the earliest population break-up process among ancient humans that can be detected at 120 thousand to 135 thousand years ago.
It occurred after two or more genetically distinct Homo populations had mixed together for hundreds of thousands of years.
After the population splits, people still migrate between the parent populations, creating parents with weak genetic differences.
The researchers say this provides a better explanation of genetic variation among human individuals and human groups than previous models.
“We present something that has not even been tested by others. This advances the science of anthropology significantly,” said Henn, quoted from the website University of California.
“Earlier, more complicated models suggested contributions from early hominins, but this model suggests otherwise,” said Tim Weaver, a UC Davis professor of anthropology who has expertise in early human fossils.
According to this model, the researchers predict that 1-4 percent of genetic differentiation among contemporary human populations can be attributed to variation in parental populations. This model may provide important explanations for the interpretation of the fossil record.
Furthermore, due to migration between population branches, some of these lineages may be morphologically similar, meaning that morphologically different hominid fossils (such as Homo naledi) are unlikely to represent population branches that contributed to the evolution of Homo sapiens.
(lom/arh)
2023-06-05 01:57:56
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