Not many know, these 5 scientists are changing the world

Suara.com – Lots scientist in a world whose names are not popular, like Charles Darwin or Stephen Hawking.

However, the discoveries and achievements that have been made have made human life better today.

Reported from Live Science, Monday (5/7/2021), here are five scientists who are helping to change the world:

1. Charles Kuen Kao

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Born in 1933, Charles Kuen Kao is known as the father of fiber optic communications for inventing broadband and revolutionizing the way humans communicate.

In the mid-1960s, Kao proposed a way to convey information in the form of light via fiber optic cables.

To prevent light from leaking out the sides, Kao uses pure glass in which the pipe walls act as mirrors for photons or light particles.

This forces it to bounce in the pipe and keep going down the pipe.

Thanks to this innovation, light information can be transmitted across great distances and makes it perfect for telecommunications.

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In 2009, Kao won the Nobel Prize in Physics for his outstanding achievements.

2. Patricia Bath

Patricia Bath who was born in 1942 was very deserving in the medical world. It sparked the idea of ​​lifting disease cataract on the eyes with a laser.

Various treatments for cataracts have been around since the fifth century BC, according to a 2006 article in the journal Missouri Medicine.

One of these treatments, called couching, uses a needle to remove the cataract from the visual axis of the eye, allowing the patient to regain vision, even if only temporarily.

However, the way began to change by using the Bath method.

Bath replaces the old-fashioned way of using lasers, giving doctors the ability to perform surgical removals, with higher accuracy and better results.

Bath’s method was called the Laserphaco Probe, two years after discovering it, Bath received a patent for her invention and became the first African-American female physician to receive a medical patent.

3. Flossie Wong-Steel

Flossie Wong-Staal is known as a virologist who left Hong Kong for the United States in 1964. She played an important role in AIDS research.

Wong-Staal was working at the National Cancer Institute (NCI) in Bethesda, Maryland, when the AIDS epidemic exploded in the United States.

He was part of the team that first identified the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) as the cause of AIDS.

In addition, Wong-Staal and his colleague, Robert Gallo cloned HIV and discovered how the virus hides from the human immune system.

While at NCI, Wong-Staal also designed a blood test to detect HIV.

4. Christine Darden

Christine Darden was born in 1942 and plays a role in uncovering the secrets of sonic booms.

Beginning in 1955, NASA employed a team of “human computers” to calculate flight trajectories, propulsion, and rocket dynamics.

One of these human computers was Christine Darden, who joined NASA in 1967.

Darden’s first task was to design a computer program to calculate the effect of a sonic boom, the extremely loud sound produced when an airplane flies faster than the speed of sound.

Tim NASA scientists replicated the explosion using a wind tunnel and model airplane, while Darden used a computer model to calculate the effects of the explosion.

Darden’s simulation results matched the wind tunnel experiments, although Darden’s method proved to be cheaper and more efficient.

5. George Carruthers

Born in 1972, George Carruthers created the world’s first lunar telescope.

It opens mankind’s eyes to the universe through the lens of the Lunar Surface Ultraviolet Camera.

This camera is designed to observe Earth’s atmosphere from the Moon and detect radiation from stars and nebulae.

Camera shipped with Apollo 16 and placed on the surface of the Moon.

While there, it takes more than 550 ultraviolet images of stars, nebulae, and galaxies throughout the cosmos.

Carruthers’ work also collects data about Earth’s atmosphere, including pollutant concentrations that help expand human knowledge about Earth.

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