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As quoted from the book Integrated IPA VIII B for Junior High Schools and MTs, Agung Wijaya, GrasindoA microscope is an optical instrument that is often used to see objects that are very small and certainly cannot be seen by the ordinary eye.
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Microscope Working and Formula
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The microscope works by using two positive or convex lenses. The microscope consists of 2 lenses, namely:
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The objective lens is located near the object to be observed.
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The ocular lens is located near the eye of the observer and acts as a loupe.
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The focus of the objective lens on the microscope is shorter than the focus on the eyepiece (fob < fok).
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Simply put, the way a microscope works is that the objective lens will form an image of an object that is real, inverted, and magnified.
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The image of the object from the objective lens will be captured as an object by the eyepiece lens. This shadow will be seen by the eye.
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Then, the image captured by the eyepiece as the end result of the two lenses in the microscope is virtual, enlarged, and inverted to the original object.
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4 Important Microscope Formulas
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Here are some important and frequently used microscope formulas.
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The length of the microscope (L) can be found using the following formula.
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L = length of the microscope (meters)
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s’ob = image distance of objective lens
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sok = object distance ocular lens
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2. Objective Lens Magnification
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The magnification of the objective lens is always the same when the eye is maximally accommodated or the eye is not accommodated because the objective lens is used to form an image of the original object and is not in direct contact with the eye of the observer.
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Mob = h’ob / mob = | -s’ob / sob |
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Mob = magnification of objective lens
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s’ob = image distance for objective lens
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sob = object distance for objective lens
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3. Magnification of the Ocular Lens
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The ocular lens has a point less than focus which acts as a lens with maximum accommodation of the eye.
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The microscope formula used is:
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Mok = magnification of the ocular lens
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sn = near point distance of normal eye
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fok = focal length of the eyepiece
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4. Microscope Total Magnification
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The microscope formula for calculating the total magnification of a microscope is:
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M = total magnification of the microscope
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mob = magnification of objective lens
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mok = magnification of ocular lens
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This is an explanation of how the microscope works and the formula as follows: tool optics in physics. May be useful. (DNR) —-
