By: Ani Rachman, Teacher at SDN No.111/IX Muhajirin, Muaro Jambi, Jambi Province
KOMPAS.com – Obsidian is a rock formed from magma which cools very quickly, so that the atoms do not have time to arrange themselves to form a crystal structure.
Obsidian is a type of extrusive igneous rock. These rocks are composed of amorphous material or commonly known as mineraloids.
Most obsidian has a composition similar to that of granite and rhyolite. Granite and rhyolite may form from the same magma as obsidian and are often geographically associated with obsidian.
The use of obsidian is often used by humans for decoration in a room.
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Characteristics of obsidian stone
Obsidian stone has characteristics including:
- Obsidian stone has wavy cracks on the surface of the rock where these cracks are the source of the bright colors.
- The average obsidian stone is solid black, dark red and gray.
- The stone surface is very smooth and clear in color resembling glass.
- Store the fine details of the type of mineral in it.
- It has a hard nature which saves sharp corners because it contains silicon dioxide.
The process of forming obsidian stone
Obsidian stone is formed through several processes, as follows:
- Starting from the liquid lava of a volcano that came out to reach the surface of the earth as a result of a volcanic eruption. The lava gradually solidifies.
- This freezing process takes place very quickly which forms glass or glass (amorphous glass, feldspar crystals, black minerals and quartz).
- All the contents found in the rock also freeze and become solid by releasing a clear color shaded with red, greenish black or gray.
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The benefits of obsidian stone
Some of the benefits of obsidian stones in everyday life include:
- Used as a cutting tool
The first use of obsidian probably occurred when sharp pieces of obsidian were used as cutting tools.
Later, people discovered how to skillfully break obsidian so as to produce cutting tools of various shapes.
Obsidian is used to make arrowheads, knives, spearheads, and various other weapons and tools.
- To make a scalpel
Obsidian can be used to produce cutting edges that are thinner and sharper than scalpels made of the finest steels.
The characteristic of this obsidian stone is that it makes the stone sharper so that in its use it can be used to make knives.
Obsidian is a popular gemstone. These are often cut into beads and cabochons.
Obsidian is sometimes shaped and polished into highly reflective beads. Some transparent specimens are shaped to produce attractive gems.
Freshly broken pieces of obsidian have a very high luster. Ancient people noticed that they could see reflections in obsidian and used it as a mirror.
Obsidian is included in ornamental stones because it can emit light so that when used as a mirror it is very beautiful.
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2023-05-29 06:00:19
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