‘Doctor Yong’ reveals pros and cons COVID-19 vaccine Used in 3 types of humans
Dr. Yongpoo Worawan, Head of the Center of Specialization in Clinical Virology, FacultyMedicine, Chulalongkorn University Posting through Facebook Explain the working principle And the pros and cons of each type of COVID-19 vaccine.
Knowledge of the COVID-19 Vaccine
There are different types of vaccines. Currently, three groups of experimental normal and emergency human use are allowed.
1. mRNA vaccines, eg Pfizer vaccines, Moderna.
The vaccine is a mRNA encapsulated by the Lipid Nanoparticle. When injected into the muscle cells, the mRNA is removed in the cytoplasm or intracellular fluid and the mRNA enters the ribosome, producing the protein according to the pattern that The messenger RNA is defined, so the inserted RNA must have a Cap, 5 ‘UTR, Spike RNA, 3’UTR, and Poly A tail. Will be easier to understand In the model described, the ribosome plant produces proteins on a schedule and is transported out of the Golgi through the Golgi. The proteins produced are antigens that stimulate the body to produce antibodies that are immune to COVID-19.
The advantages of this vaccine are simple and bulk quickly because it is made in a factory. Stimulates high immunity.
The downside is that RNA decomposes easily. Store at extremely low temperatures and this vaccine is the first vaccine used in humans. Post-injection side effects were more common than older vaccines, such as fever, aches, and long-term outcomes, for example, for years or even years.
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2.Vector virus (British AstraZineca and Russian Spuknic V).
The vaccine uses a viral genetic material to be inserted into a vector or depositor that is used as Adenovirus, Vesicula stomatitis virus. It does not cause disease in humans. Insertion is understood as cDNA of COVID-19 to allow Vector virus to deliver the genetic material of COVID-19. Into human cells Once entered, the virus will remove the inherited genetic model. It must enter the cell nucleus to replicate and convert to mRNA. In the cytoplasm, the mRNA will go to the Ribosome to make the protein in its predetermined pattern, Spike. Like mRNA, Golgi exerts its cells, and the proteins that are released act as antigens, prompting the body to make antibodies against Covic19.
The advantages of this vaccine are It can be mass produced easily because it is made from a factory that is DNA that is more durable. It can be stored in the temperature 2-8 degrees, the price will be cheap because it can do a lot The vaccine is also new. The long-term effects are therefore unknown, and one must be considered: the process passes through the cell nucleus. We do not know if it will integrate with human DNA, hopefully not, the long-term effects must be followed.
3 Inactivated vaccine (China, Sinovac, Sinopharm)
The manufacturing method applies principles to past vaccines such as Hepatitis A vaccine, polio vaccine, rabies and many others. Scientists will cultivate COVID-19 on Vero cells. These cells are used to make many vaccines, such as the rabies vaccine, and have been used for a long time. As we get the rabies vaccine When cultivating a large number of viruses, it will destroy the activity or kill sterilization and then bring Formulation to add immune stimulants
The advantages of this vaccine are How to do it, the way that we know since ancient times. In regard to safety Lethal infection can be given in people with immune deficiency. Low immunity The infection does not increase the number. Immunization is usually lower than the vaccines mentioned above.
The disadvantage of this vaccine is that mass production is difficult. Because this type of virus is a pathogenic virus, it must be cultured in a high-level vault. Production costs are high. We can see that the hepatitis vaccine A cannot lower the price to be cheaper. Likewise, mass production of the COVID-19 vaccine. The lethal type will have a limit.
Responding to today’s questionnaire will look at the conclusion. Understand that there will be about 40,000 people responding. What is needed Today I want the young generation to be interested in science. Let’s help promote it, and after a while, when everyone has more knowledge, they will set up more questionnaires. Look at the change and the demand because it is said that the fear of vaccines will be left.
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