Jakarta, Borneo24.com – An eclipse is a celestial phenomenon that sees the sun, earth, and moon. Earth and moon are celestial bodies that do not have their own light, unlike the sun.
If the moon and the earth are exposed to sunlight then the back of the moon or the earth will form a shadow. An eclipse occurs when the sun’s rays from the earth or moon are blocked.
Lunar and solar eclipses can occur in the sky with a certain period of time. In an eclipse there is the umbra and penumbra. The umbra and penumbra are formed because the size of the sun is much larger than the moon and earth.
Umbra is a shadow that is located in the middle and is very dark. While the penumbra or false shadow is a faint shadow around the umbra.
Here is an explanation of solar eclipses and lunar eclipses:
A. Lunar Eclipse
A lunar eclipse is when the moon, earth and sun are in a straight line. This event only occurs during a full moon, when the sun’s light on the moon is blocked by the earth.
As a result, the moon is in the earth’s shadow. There are two types of lunar eclipses, namely:
1. Total (Perfect) Lunar Eclipse
This eclipse occurs when the position of the moon is in the earth’s umbra so that the moon is completely covered by the earth’s shadow. The total lunar eclipse lasts approximately one hour and 40 minutes.
2. Partial (Partial) Lunar Eclipse
A partial lunar eclipse occurs when half of the moon enters the Earth’s umbra. The moon moves and enters the penumbra of the earth.
B. Solar Eclipse
A solar eclipse occurs during the day when the new moon or moon is dead. A solar eclipse occurs when the positions of the moon, earth, and sun form a straight line, the position of the moon is between the earth and the sun.
A solar eclipse can occur because the sun’s rays during the day are blocked by the moon so that the light conditions slowly turn dark. If there is a solar eclipse, the moon’s shadow will hit the earth.
The moon is smaller than the earth, so only a few places experience a solar eclipse. There are three types of solar eclipses, namely:
1. Total Solar Eclipse
A total solar eclipse occurs when the earth is in the moon’s umbra shadow. A total solar eclipse always begins and ends with a partial solar eclipse.
2. Partial Solar Eclipse
This solar eclipse occurs when the moon covers only part of the sun. When a partial solar eclipse occurs, we can see it directly upwards. A partial solar eclipse does not damage the retina of the eye.
3. Ring Solar Eclipse
An annular solar eclipse occurs when the moon covers only part of the sun and the remaining sunlight forms a ring of light around the moon’s shadow known as a ring.
Around the area where a total solar eclipse or an annular solar eclipse occurs, there is always a much larger area. This is because the annular solar eclipse is in the penumbra of the moon. (***)
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