“Benefit x100 come to us” … Why Chinese cities compete

Shanghai [사진 셔터스톡]

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In September, Shanghai eased the restrictions on family register registration by allowing students with undergraduate and master’s degrees to move in immediately, and lowering the social insurance threshold for those who returned to Korea after studying abroad. Guangzhou, too, has put forward a similar policy. Young people under the age of 28 who have graduated from vocational colleges or technical schools can move into 7 non-urban areas.

It’s not just Shanghai and Guangzhou. China’s leading cities such as Wuxi, Qingdao, Fuzhou, and Suzhou are introducing new policies to induce population.

It eases the standard for moving in and gives preferential treatment when renting or buying a house. Some offer one-time subsidies. According to statistics from the Zhongyuan Real Estate Research Center, more than 80 cities provided housing purchase subsidies for highly educated talents in the first half of last year. Maryang (馬亮), a professor at the College of Public Management at People’s University of China, explains, “If so far mainly the 2nd, 3rd and 4th tier cities competed for influx of population, now the first tier cities have joined the procession.”

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The 8th Intermediate-Large Cities Union College Graduate Employment Information Session held in October. [사진 신화통신]

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Why is such a move in China, a country with a population of 1.44 billion?

This is because of the rapid aging and the dropping fertility rate.

China, which was worried about the large population that used a strong policy of’one household, one child’, is reducing the recent population crisis. The aging process is progressing at a very fast pace, while the fertility rate is falling. Although the policy for one household and one child has been relaxed, it has not seen a significant effect.

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Athletes who participated in the National Vocational Skills Competition in December are showing off their skills. [사진 신화통신]

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The Financial Times (FT) warned, “In 2019, the proportion of the population over 65 in China was 11.9%, but it is expected to reach 25% within 15 years.” The workforce has also been on a decline since 2012. Over the past seven years, 26 million people have decreased. The average age also increased from 32.2 to 38.4.

The situation is like this, but the Hukou (戶口) system, which is a unique family registration system in China, has caught up.

In China, where freedom of residence and relocation is limited, people living in rural areas cannot move freely just because they want to leave the city. The Hukou Islands, which began in the 1950s to prevent farmers from rushing to the city at random, strictly distinguishes between people living in cities and people living in rural areas. Just because city dwellers don’t mean they can move around at will. This is because Hukou is given for each region. You can live wherever you want to go, but you cannot receive education and various welfare benefits.

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Chongqing City promoted a talent attraction event for universities in October. [사진 신화통신] ?

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As the damage of this system is so great, the Chinese government is gradually easing the Hukou system. In 2019, the Hukou restriction was completely abolished in small and medium-sized cities with a population of less than 3 million. It was to allow people to move freely and grow in each city. Then, not only the 2nd and 3rd tier cities, but also big cities like Beijing and Shanghai are more aggressive.

Of course, the specific shape of population recruitment is different for each city.

First-tier cities such as Beijing and Shanghai are focusing on attracting young talent with high education. He is also active in attracting celebrities. For example, famous show host Li Jiaqi and actor and singer Yang Chaowe moved to Shanghai under the name of’special talent’.

The second and third tier cities are working hard to attract people. Chun Shin-min, head of the Human Resources Research Center at Huanan Normal University, explained, “In the past, cities that considered cost and capacity when accommodating the population now recognize talent as’capital’.”

Reporter Lim Ju-ri [email protected]



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