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Academician Zverev told when mass vaccination against coronavirus begins

The mayor Moscow Sergei Sobyanin He admitted that restrictive measures can remain until doctors create a vaccine. How are the developments going? When will the vaccine be available for mass use? Scientists discussed these issues during an online meeting of the RAS Scientific Council on the topic: “Vaccines for COVID-19: forecasts and reality,” which was held at the agency’s press center “Russia Today”. “KP“Leads excerpts from the speech Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Head of the Department of Microbiology, Virology and Immunology, Sechenov University Vitaly Zverev.

When will mass vaccination prophylaxis from COVID-19 begin?

First, it is necessary to carefully study all of these vaccines for safety, and the second for effectiveness. I’m scared by the statement that we can begin mass vaccination in September. I would be more careful about this, because it is hardly worth focusing even on the end of this year. There is always something, those subtle things that may not work or even do harm. There have been such cases. We cannot get into the situation that happened when we created the vaccine against Dengue fever, for example, when hundreds of people died at the last stage of clinical trials. Or what happened to the rotavirus vaccine when there was intestinal invagination in children. One cannot question the whole idea of ​​vaccine prevention. Therefore, I urge all vaccine developers not to rush.

What promising vaccines are you currently working on in Russia?

I am glad that the developers finally remembered again about the live flu vaccine, which we forgot about, but which showed its brilliant effectiveness in the 70s and 80s. The development of vector vaccines is very interesting, I hope that they work out, but we still need to have, first of all, those vaccines where the technology has been fully developed and which we can instantly launch for wide scaling, for widespread use. After all, we need tens of millions of doses of the drug. Therefore, the technology of the “killed” and “live” vaccines may work in the first place.

What are the challenges with vaccine production?

We know that the immune response in children and adults occurs in different ways, these are two different paths. It is also known that the “live” and “killed” vaccines evoke immunity in completely different ways, they use completely different cytokines, that is, proteins – the regulators of the immune system, which take the most important part in the formation of the immune response. It is also interesting that now all developers are guided by the S1 protein, although we know from vaccines against coronaviruses for animals that it is very important to have a combined response. To trigger a cellular immune response, the internal SARS-CoV-2 virus protein is very important, on which there are antigenic determinants that will trigger that same cellular immunity, and local immunity, and innate immunity (give a combined immune response, – ed. ) Importantly, without activating the correct innate immune response, we will never get the correct acquired immune response.

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