Gene Variants Linked to Insulin Dysfunction May Also Elevate Bipolar Disorder Risk
BOSTON, MA – September 5, 2025 – New research published by GeneOnline News reveals a potential shared genetic vulnerability between insulin dysfunction and bipolar disorder. Scientists have identified specific gene variants impacting insulin signaling pathways that also demonstrate a statistically significant correlation with increased susceptibility to bipolar disorder. The findings, released today, could revolutionize diagnostic approaches and therapeutic strategies for both conditions, impacting an estimated 5.7 million U.S. adults currently living with bipolar disorder and the growing population facing insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes.
The study, conducted by researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital, analyzed genomic data from over 60,000 individuals, identifying several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) common to both disorders.These SNPs primarily affect genes involved in insulin receptor signaling, glucose metabolism, and neuronal function.researchers hypothesize that impaired insulin signaling in the brain may disrupt neurotransmitter balance, contributing to the mood instability characteristic of bipolar disorder. Further investigation is underway to determine the precise mechanisms underlying this connection and to explore potential targeted interventions.
Researchers pinpointed variations in the IRS1 gene, crucial for insulin signaling, as particularly noteworthy. Individuals carrying specific IRS1 variants exhibited a 20% higher risk of developing bipolar disorder compared to those without the variants. Similar correlations were observed with genes involved in glucose transport and glycogen synthesis. ”We’re seeing a convergence of metabolic and psychiatric pathways at the genetic level,” explained Dr. Eleanor Vance,lead author of the study. ”This suggests that addressing insulin resistance could potentially offer a novel avenue for preventing or managing bipolar disorder, and vice versa.”
The study builds upon existing evidence linking metabolic disorders to mental health conditions. Previous research has shown a higher prevalence of type 2 diabetes among individuals with bipolar disorder, and some antipsychotic medications can exacerbate metabolic dysfunction. However, this new research goes further, identifying specific genetic factors that may predispose individuals to both conditions.
Researchers emphasize that these findings do not imply a direct causal relationship. Genetic predisposition is only one piece of the puzzle, with environmental factors and lifestyle choices also playing significant roles. The team is now focusing on longitudinal studies to track individuals with these gene variants over time, assessing their risk of developing both insulin dysfunction and bipolar disorder. They anticipate that this research will pave the way for personalized medicine approaches, tailoring treatment strategies based on an individual’s genetic profile and metabolic status.
